Dog Intraocular Pressure Measurement (Tonometry) — 7 Checkpoints to Not Miss Glaucoma

Eye HealthTop PicksMeongsiljang Veterinary Advisory Board

Measuring intraocular pressure in dogs is key to early detection of glaucoma. We recommend the top three tonometers based on their accuracy and ease of use.

What Is Dog Intraocular Pressure Measurement (Tonometry)?

A veterinarian preparing a tonometry device for a puppy's eye examination.

Measuring your dog’s intraocular pressure is a key diagnostic step that precisely assesses the pressure inside the eye, enabling early detection of ophthalmic conditions such as glaucoma. Normal intraocular pressure ranges from 15 to 25 mmHg; values outside this range indicate an increased risk of disease. This test is vital for preserving your dog’s vision, and regular screenings are especially essential for senior dogs. - Accurate measurement: Tonometry devices provide precise data, making early diagnosis possible. - The importance of early detection: Because elevated intraocular pressure often shows no symptoms in its early stages, regular check-ups can be life-saving. - Safe examination method: The procedure is performed safely by a qualified veterinarian, minimizing stress for your dog.

Selection Criteria: Tips for Choosing a Clinic for Intraocular Pressure Measurement

When choosing a tonometer for your dog, consider factors such as accuracy, ease of use, affordability, safety, and ease of maintenance. Devices designed to minimize stress and allow for repeated use are especially recommended.

Accuracy: The device should provide consistent and reliable readings.

Ease of Use: It should feature intuitive controls and enable quick measurements.

Safety: The design must avoid irritating your dog’s eyes.

Value for Money: It should offer the best performance within your budget.

Ease of Maintenance: Replacement parts and software updates should be readily available and easy to obtain.

Comparison photo of the Tonopen and Tonobeth devices

Check 1: Whether Accurate Tonometers Are Available

Intraocular pressure measurement is a key diagnostic and management tool for glaucoma and uveitis. To obtain accurate readings, specialized equipment such as a rebound tonometer (TonoVet) or an applanation tonometer (TonoPen) is required. Estimating pressure by pressing on the eye with your fingers is inaccurate, so be sure to confirm that a dedicated tonometer is being used. It is also important that the measurement is taken with your dog in a comfortable position, without restraining the neck, as improper restraint can artificially elevate the intraocular pressure reading.

A veterinarian measuring a dog's eye pressure with a TonoPen

Check 2: Whether Bilateral Comparison and Repeated Measurements Are Performed According to Indications

Intraocular pressure is especially important to check when your dog shows signs of eye pain, redness, an enlarged appearance of the eye, or suspected vision loss. Since dogs often develop glaucoma secondary to conditions like uveitis, accurate assessment requires comparing both eyes and, if necessary, repeating measurements over time to monitor trends. Rather than relying on a single reading, choose a veterinary clinic that also evaluates underlying causes such as uveitis or tumors. If ongoing management is needed, select a clinic that offers follow-up intraocular pressure monitoring.

Close-up of the Tonobeth device's digital display and probe area

Check 3: Whether Results Are Interpreted in Conjunction with Ophthalmic Examinations

Rather than relying solely on intraocular pressure readings, a comprehensive evaluation of the entire eye—including the cornea, anterior chamber, and fundus—is essential to clearly identify the underlying cause and determine the appropriate treatment direction. It is best to choose a clinic with veterinarians experienced in ophthalmology who can accurately interpret these measurements in the context of normal ranges and provide targeted care, such as lowering intraocular pressure for glaucoma or treating the underlying inflammation for uveitis. Since prompt intervention is critical to preserving vision, select a facility that promptly explains the results and facilitates immediate, coordinated treatment.

A portable tonometry device that connects to a smartphone

Checklist for Choosing a Clinic for Intraocular Pressure Measurement (Tonometry)

Item	Recommended Criteria
Equipment	A clinic equipped with a dedicated tonometer such as rebound or applanation (finger palpation is inaccurate)
Test Operation	A clinic that observes trends through both-eye comparison and repeated measurements and also examines the underlying disease
Interpretation Capability	An ophthalmology-experienced veterinarian who interprets in combination with ophthalmic exams such as cornea and fundus
Result Interpretation	A clinic that immediately guides treatment appropriate to the cause, such as glaucoma or uveitis
Cost Information	A clinic that informs you in advance of the estimated cost and the possibility of additional tests before the exam

This is not a table recommending specific products or clinics, but a set of criteria to reference when consulting your veterinarian. Decisions about treatment and testing must always be made together with your veterinarian through an examination.

Caution: Contraindications for Tonometry

When a dog has corneal ulcers, severe inflammation, or other eye injuries, tonometry can irritate the cornea or worsen the ulceration, so caution is essential. However, if the eye is painful or severely red, measuring intraocular pressure may be crucial to differentiate between glaucoma and uveitis. Rather than delaying the test on your own, please ensure it is performed safely under veterinary supervision. Rebound tonometry, which involves minimal contact, may pose less risk of damage than applanation tonometry, which requires pressing against the cornea. Additionally, avoid excessive restraint of the neck, as this can artificially elevate intraocular pressure readings. Incorrect measurement techniques can stress the eye and distort results.

Usage Tips: How to Make Dog Intraocular Pressure Measurement Easier

To help your dog feel comfortable during intraocular pressure measurements, it’s important to first familiarize them with the clinic environment. Before the procedure, calm your dog in a quiet, well-lit space and approach gently to avoid causing tension. During the measurement, do not touch your dog’s eyes directly; instead, follow the veterinarian’s instructions and proceed slowly. Afterward, offer treats or affection to create a positive experience. - Pre-adaptation: Visit the clinic once or twice a week to help your dog become accustomed to the environment. - Optimized environment: Conduct measurements in a quiet, well-lit space. - Emotional stability: Monitor your dog’s emotions and respond gently. - Reward system: Immediately reward your dog with treats or affection after the measurement. - Equipment cleaning: Clean the device thoroughly after use and regularly inspect replaceable parts.

A calm dog and a veterinarian in a quiet environment

Reviewed by a veterinarian

Dr. Tony — Punnawat Phongkittirak

Veterinarian

A veterinarian who majored in veterinary medicine at Khon Kaen University, Thailand, and completed the IVSA program at North Carolina State University in the United States. Drawing on clinical experience at animal hospitals, he works in the pet healthcare field and is dedicated to building a digital care environment that connects pet parents with veterinarians.

Frequently Asked Questions

How often should a dog’s intraocular pressure be measured?

This is typically performed once a year during your dog’s routine check-up. For senior dogs or those with a history of eye conditions, we recommend having it done every six months.

Does tonometry hurt dogs?

The rebound method uses a lightweight probe that briefly touches the cornea, so it’s virtually painless even without anesthetic eye drops. The applanation method requires anesthetic drops before gently pressing the cornea to take the measurement; aside from a brief sensation of something in the eye when the drops are applied, there’s little discomfort.

Can I measure my dog’s intraocular pressure at home?

Because it requires specialized equipment and training, measuring it at home is difficult and risky. It’s safest to have your veterinarian do it.

Does high intraocular pressure always mean glaucoma?

Elevated intraocular pressure doesn’t necessarily mean your pet has glaucoma. For instance, if the jugular vein is compressed due to excessive restraint, the measured pressure may be artificially higher than the actual value. However, since increased intraocular pressure is a key clinical sign of glaucoma, further diagnostic testing is recommended.

How often should the tonometry device be replaced?

Follow the manufacturer’s recommendations for regular replacement. Typically, inspect the item every 2–3 years and replace it immediately if you notice any decline in performance.

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References

[1] Gelatt, K.N. et al. (1998). Distribution of intraocular pressure in dogs. Veterinary Ophthalmology, 1(2–3), 109–114.

[2] The Veterinary Workbook of Small Animal Clinical Cases. Case 30: The Dog with 'Blue' and 'Red' Eyes. 2020.

[3] Tilley, L.P. et al. (2007). Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline. 4th ed. Ames, IA: Blackwell.